Practical Control of Electric Machines for EV/HEVs: Design, Analysis, and Implementation

Firstly, in automotive applications, the working condition changes rapidly and massively along with the vehicle driving conditions, which could be accelerating at one instant and braking at the next instant. This will inevitably require a good dynamics of the electric motor torque.

Secondly, optimization of the vehicle powertrain system for a better efficiency without compromising the performance at all driving conditions is one of the key control targets.With the predefined vehicle configuration, the powertrain shall be able to meet the requirements from different driving modes. The optimization objective will need to cover multiple aspects, including efficiency, dynamics, and also the powertrain capability such as power boosting at high speeds.

Thirdly, the design of the electric machine control must have adaptation ability for varying parameters. Electric machine control is decisively sensitive to the machine and environment parameters. The runtime temperature change, the machine aging, or the slight manufacturing difference from even the same production line will lead to variation of the machine parameters. The control strategies shall be capable of detecting and adapting to the variation.

Furthermore, although not covered within the scope of this work, it is noteworthy that meeting the functional safety ISO 26262 is the general requirement for the control software design of an EV/HEV motor drive. This implies not only a stringent development process but also a monitoring and fault-handling concept for fault mitigation as per the safety goals. As such, the